The new predominant resin acidic is actually dehydroabietic acidic and you can oxidation by-points regarding abietic acid, and eight-oxodehydroabietic and hydroxy- 7-oxodehydroabietic acids Profile 5.
Heating by the-situations eg retene were also apparent. Methyl clermont base 63 identification is actually contained in every examples and you may unmodified resin acids, abietic, pimaric and you can isoprimaric acids, was indeed in addition to observed.
Similar to the slope examples, every about three resin acids just weren’t present in all analysed products, age. The lipid extractions given small amounts of efas. Just the saturated fatty acids C and you will C had been observed in the newest examples and you can had been characterized by an increased otherwise equal amount from C compared to C Figures 5 and you can 6.
These types of show confirm that the new amphorae liner is made regarding mountain and also the visibility off methyl dehydroabietate ways, as stated a lot more than, it absolutely was introduced straight from new heating regarding wood Colombini et al
Zero bush otherwise creature sterols was in fact noticed in this new examples. And exposure of your acids isn’t an indication off specific contents of the newest amphorae, nor of your own including out of specific fats on their natural coatings. Together with tartaric acidic, almost every other ingredients that are present in wine have been plus present in this type of samples: malic, malonic, fumaric, succinic acids Table dos. In these cases, though it cannot be definitively situated one wines is present in this new ships, it merit after that research https://datingranking.net/nl/smore-overzicht/.
To further glance at in case the blogs are wines, some other testing measures and possibly almost every other methods could well be examined in the long term. Each other trials SN02 and you can SN07 had been regarding excavation during the Cadiz and you will examples was in fact taken from the new vessel necks.
No efas apart from C and C was known. Syringic acidic and you may vanillic acidic had been identified in both products.
Syringic acidic is considered to be several other biomarker off grape circumstances, derived from malvidin malvidin- 3-glucosidethe predominant anthocyanin the fresh new pigment accountable for color away from grapes Singleton, ; Guasch- of your own lipid removal of Keay Figure 6 – Partial overall ion chromatogram of lipid extraction away from Keay Table dos – Principal substances observed in the wine biomarker extractions out of Keay Also, while the Barnard mais aussi al.
In the examples clermont feet 63 recognition, syringic acidic are with the vanillic acidic and you may vanillin. This may suggest that in this case this is not relevant with the presence regarding wine but so you can something else. It’s interesting to note that into the products from the necks off boats, like the a couple of Keay In most cuatro shoulder examples, syringic acidic is known. Specifically, free syringic acidic is found in certain plant provide, and inside the lower amounts from inside the lignin.
So it’s likely that this new syringic acidic in the samples arises from some other resource instance cork stoppers that phorae. A couple of 4 lipid extractions didn’t suggest noticeable oily acids other than well-known non-diagnostic efas i. C and you can C without bush otherwise animal sterols were observed.
Including the other amphora versions reviewed, the brand new Keay Pinaceae facts, such as for example dehydroabietic acidic, methyl dehydroabietate and seven-oxodeydroabietic acids, was in fact in addition to recognized both in products, demonstrating a pitch liner. Both samples contains high degrees of C Cholesterol levels and you may cholesterol oxidization facts were and thought of in both trials. Cholesterol is an effective indicator regarding an animal origin for brand new articles. Decisive biomarkers away from aquatic bacteria, including isoprenoid essential fatty acids, were not present in the fresh new examples regarding either vessels.
The latest lipid analyses of your own products shown mountain deposits identified by the current presence of dehydroabietic acid and 7-oxodehydroabietic acid
The existence of these fatty acids and you may cholesterol levels will be the results either away from an animal articles maybe seafood? In the wine biomarker extractions of your Keay Some ingredients you to are located in wine, apart from tartaric acid, was noticed in the brand new samples: malic, succinic and you may fuples Table 2.
